Churn



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EZRA OSCAR PHILLIPS, OF COOPERSVILLE, MICHIGAN.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 328,807, dated October 20, 1885.

Application filed March 24, 1883. Serial No. 89,327. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EZRA OSCAR PHIL- LIPS, of Ooopersville, in the county of Ottawa and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohurns, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to that class of churns in which the dasher receives motion from drive-wheels that run upon the floor or ground; and it consists of the construction, arrangement, and combination of parts, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of my improved churn, taken on the line a; as, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation of the same on the line 3 y of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan View of the churn, and Fig. 4is a side elevation of the churn-dasher removed from the body of the churn.

AA represent the drivewheels of the churn. The wheels may be madein any suitable manner; but I prefer to form them of wooden boards I; b, glued together and secured in the center by the iron plates at a, which form the hubs of the wheels and the bearing-boxes for the axles B B, the boards being placed with the grain of the wood crossing or running in different directions. to prevent the wheels from warping and splitting. The plates a a are by preference formed with the offsets a a,which are let into the boards I) b to form better bearing-boxes for the axles B B and to prevent displacement of the plates, as will be understood from Fig. 2.

The axles B B are attached to or formed upon opposite sides of the ring 0, in which the churn-body D is placed and held during the operation of churning, and upon the axles B B, near the junction thereof with the ring 0, are formed or secured the keepers c c, to which are bolted the lower ends of the wooden uprights E E. To the upper ends of these uprights E E are hinged the uprights E E, in the upper ends of which the horizontal shaft F takes its bearings, which shaft is revolved, when the churn is in operation, from the drivewheel A thereof through the medium of the circular rack G, secured thereto, and the cogwheel H, secured to the end of the shaft F. The revolution of the shaft F communicates rotary motion to the dasher J in the churn through the medium of the beveled cog-wheel K, secured upon the shaft F, and the beveled cog-wheel K, secured upon the upper end of the shaft or gudgeon L of the dasher.

The blades 9' j of the dasher J are set at an angle, as shown clearly in Fig. 4, to effect a thorough agitation of the cream, and the lower edges of the lower blades, j j, diverge outward and downward to conform somewhat to the conical board M, placed in the bottom of the churn, and to reach down into the lower corners of the churn for agitating all of the cream.

The conical board M is placed in the bottom of the churn for the purpose of holding the flanged step d on which the dasher J rests and revolves, and around the step d is formed, in the conical board M, the groove "5, down into which the flange 2', formed on the bearingplate f of the dasher, reaches to prevent the cream in the churn from coming in contact with the bearing-surfaces of the plate f and step (1.

Upon the gudgeon or shaft L of the dasher J is fixed the plate or collar e, which serves to prevent the entrance of dust to the churn through the hole in the cover N through which the said gudgeon or shaft passes.

The churn-bodyD is by preference made of sheet metal, and is provided upon the outside, somewhat above the center of its length, with the stop-ring O, which, when the churn-body is placed in the ring 0, rests upon the upper side of the ring 0, causing the churn-body to be held by the ring 0 with its center of gravity below the axles B B, thus securing at all times the upright position of the churn-body.

y y are spring-plates secured to the outside of the churn-body D, below the stop-ring O, and are for the purpose of supporting the churn-body upon a higher level upon the ring 0 than it is normally held by the stop-ring O, for convenience in drawing off the buttermilk from the bottom of the churn through the opening that is closed by the stopper h, and the ring 0 is cut away, as shown at h h, to permit the plates 9 g to pass the ring in lifting the IO justed to suit the height of the person operating the churn and for supporting the churn in an upright position. When the tongue P is released, I pivot to the plates Z l the leg Q, which may be swung out to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. l, in which position its lower end will come in contact with the floor or ground, and this ellects its purpose. When the churn is in operation, this leg Q will be held back against the side of the churn-body, out of the way, as shown in full lines in Fig. 1, by the pin 6, passing through suitable holes made in the plate Z Z for receiving the pin for that purpose.

The cog-wheel K is placed loosely upon the shaft F, and the collark of the said cog-wheel is provided with the thumb-screw k for setting the wheel upon the shaft. By this means the churn may be easily put in and out of gear at pleasure. A suitable stop will be formed upon the shaft F to limit the distance of forward movement of the cog-wheel K on the shaft, so that all danger of setting the cogwheel K too close to the cog-wheel K will be prevented.

When the churn is ready for operation, the uprights E E will be swung to a vertical position in line with the uprights E E, and locked to the uprights E E by the hooks d and eyes 0, or by other suitable means, as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 2, in which positio he gears K having been set to mesh with the gear K) in order to accomplish the churning it is only necessary to draw or push the churn over the floor or ground, which may be done with comparatively little exertion.

The butter having been brought, the uprights E IE will be unlocked from the uprights E E, and they, together with the shaft F, will be tilted over so as to rest upon the tongue P. The churn-body D will then be raised up until the plates 9 g come above the ring 0. The body D then will be turned slightly to bring the plates 9 9 out of line with the cut-away places h h, and then rested upon the said spring-plates, in which position the buttermilk may be easily drawn off into a suitable receptacle by removing the plug h, as above mentioned. The body D, having been relieved of the weight of the buttermilk, may now be easily lifted from the ring 0 and the butter removed for subsequent treatment.

In this manner it will be seen that the churn is very easy to operate, and is practical; besides, it is cheap, and not liable to get out of order.

If found necessary, the periphery of the drive-wheel A will be corrugated to prevent all danger of its slipping upon the ground or floor during the operation of churning, and instead of. the gears G H sprocket-wheels and a suitable chain might be used for communicating motion to the dasher, and it will be understood that the gears G H or the sprocketwheels will have the proper relative size to give the required speed to the dasher.-

Having thus described my invention,I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, with a frame having short axles projecting therefrom and wheels on the same, of a churn-body supported in said frame between the wheels, and a'dasher projecting through the top of the body and geared with one of the drive-wheels, substantially as herein shownand described.

2. The combination, with a circular frame having short axles projecting therefrom and wheels on the same, of a churn-body removably supported in said frame between the wheels, a dasher stepped in the bottom of the body and projecting through its top, and in-' herein shown and described.

3. In a churn, the combination, with the ring 0, the axles B,attached to said ring, and

Rattached to the ring O,of the churn'body D,

provided with the ring 0, the dasher-shaft J L, the shaft F, the rack G, and the gearwheels H K K, substantially as herein shown and described.

5. In a churn, the combination, with .the churn-body D, suspended in a ring, 0, supported on wheels A A, of the jointed uprights E E, the shaft F, journaled in the uprights above the churn-body, the gear-wheels H K K, and the rack G, substantially as herein shown and described.

6. The ring 0, having the cut-away places h h, in combination with the body D, having the plates 9 g, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. I

7. In a churn, the combination, with the churn-body D, having the annular groove 2' in its bottom, of the dasher J, stepped on the bottom of the body and provided with the bearing-plate f, having the flange t, fitting in the groove in the bottom of the body, substantially as herein shown and described.

EZRA OSCAR PHILLIPS. 

